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HISTORY OF WORLD WAR I
Summarized Chronology of the
War
1914
June
28.--Assassination of Archduke
Francis Ferdinand, heir to throne of Austria-Hungary, and his wife at
Sarajevo, Bosnia.
July
28.--Austria-Hungary declares
war on Serbia.
29.--Russian mobilization
ordered.
August
1.--Germany declares war on
Russia.
1.--France orders
mobilization.
2.--Germany demands free
passage through Belgium.
3.--Germany declares war on
France.
3.--Belgium rejects Germany's
demand.
4.--Germany at war with
Belgium. Troops under Gen. Von Kluck cross border. Halted at Liege.
4.--Great Britain at war with
Germany. Kitchener becomes Secretary of War.
5.--President Wilson tenders
good offices of United States in interests of peace.
6.--Austria-Hungary at war
with Russia.
7.--French forces invade
Alsace. Gen. Joffre in supreme command of French army.
7.--Montenegro at war with
Austria.
7.--Great Britain's
Expeditionary Force lands at Ostend, Calais and Dunkirk.
8.--British seize German
Togoland.
8.--Serbia at war with
Germany.
8.--Portugal announces
readiness to stand by alliance with England.
11.--German cruisers Goeben and
Breslau enter Dardanelles and are purchased by Turkey.
12.--Great Britain at war with
Austria-Hungary.
12.--Montenegro at war with
Germany.
17.--Belgian capital removed
from Brussels to Antwerp.
19.--Canadian Parliament
authorizes raising expeditionary force.
20.--Germans occupy Brussels.
23.--Japan at war with
Germany. Begins attack on Tsingtau.
24.--Germans enter France near
Lille.
25.--Austria at war with
Japan.
26.--Louvain sacked and burned
by Germans. Viviani becomes premier of France.
28.--British fleet sinks three
German cruisers and two destroyers off Heligoland.
28.--Austria declares war on
Belgium.
29.--Russians invest
Konigsberg, East Prussia. New Zealanders seize German Samoa.
30.--Amiens occupied by
Germans.
31.--Russian army of invasion
in East Prussia defeated at Tannenberg by Germans under Von Hindenburg.
31.--St. Petersburg changed to
Petrograd by imperial decree.
September
3.--Paris placed in state of
siege; government transferred to Bordeaux.
3.--Lemberg, Gallicia,
occupied by Russians.
4.--Germans occupy Rheims.
6-10.--Battle of Marne. Von
Kluck is beaten by Gen. Joffre, and the German army retreats from Paris to the
Soissons-Rheims line.
10.--Emden, German cruiser,
carries out raids in Bay of Bengal.
14.--French reoccupy Amiens
and Rheims.
19.--British forces begin
operations in Southwest Africa.
20.--Rheims cathedral shelled
by Germans.
24.--Allies occupy Peronne.
25.--Australians seize German
New Guinea.
28.--Anglo-French forces
invade German colony of Kamerun.
29.--Antwerp bombardment
begins.
October
2.--British Admiralty announces
intention to mine North Sea areas.
6.--Japan seizes Marshall
Islands in Pacific.
9.--Antwerp surrenders to
Germans. Government removed to Ostend.
13.--British occupy Ypres.
14.--Canadian Expeditionary
Force of 32,000 men lands at Plymouth.
15.--Germans occupy Ostend.
Belgian government removed to Havre, France.
November
1.--Monmouth and Good Hope, British
cruisers, are sunk by German squadron off Chile under command of Admiral Von
Spee.
5.--Great Britain and France
declare war on Turkey.
5.--Cyprus annexed by Great
Britain.
7.--German garrison of
Tsingtau surrenders to Japanese.
9.--Emden, German cruiser,
which had carried out raiding operations for two months, is destroyed by
Australian cruiser Sydney off the Cocos Islands, southwest of Java.
16.--Prohibition of sale of
intoxicants in Russia enforced.
27.--Czernowitz, capital of
Bukowina, captured by Russians.
December
2.--Belgrade occupied by
Austrians.
3.--Cracow bombarded by
Russians.
8.--Off the Falkland Isles,
British squadron under command of Rear-Admiral Sturdee, sinks three of the
German cruisers which had destroyed the Good Hope and Monmouth on Nov. 1. The Dresden
escapes.
14.--Austrians evacuate
Belgrade.
16.--German squadron bombards
Hartlepool, Scarborough and Whitby on east coast of England.
23.--Siege of Cracow raised.
Russians retire.
1915
January
24.--British fleet puts to
flight a German squadron in North Sea and sinks the battle cruiser Blucher.
28.--American bark, William P.
Frye, sunk by German cruiser in South Atlantic.
February
10.--Russians defeated by
Germans in Battle of Masurian Lakes.
18.--German submarine
"blockade" of British Isles begins.
25.--Allied fleet destroys
outer forts of Dardanelles.
March
2.--Allied troops land at
Kum-Kale, on Asiatic side of Dardanelles.
10.--British take Neuve
Chapelle in Flanders battle.
14.--Dresden, German raiding
cruiser, is sunk by British squadron off the Chilean coast.
22.--Austrian fortress of
Przmysl surrenders to Russians.
April
22.--Poison gas first used by
Germans in attack on Canadians at Ypres, Belgium.
May
1.--American steamer Gulflight
torpedoed off Scilly Isles by German submarine; 3 lives lost.
2.--British South Africa
troops under General Botha capture Otymbingue, German Southwest Africa.
7.--Germans capture Libau,
Russian Baltic port.
7.--Lusitania, Cunard liner,
sunk by German submarine off Kinsale Head, Irish coast, with loss of 1152
lives; 102 Americans.
23.--Italy declares war on
Austria-Hungary and begins invasion on a 60-mile front.
24.--American steamer Nebraskan
torpedoed by German submarine off Irish coast, but reaches Liverpool in safety.
31.--German Zeppelins bombard
suburbs of London.
June
1.--Germany apologizes for
attack on Gulflight and offers reparation.
3.--Austrians recapture
Przmysl.
3.--British forces operating
on Tigris capture Kut-el-Amara.
4-6.--German aircraft bombs
English towns.
7.--Bryan, U. S. Secretary of
State, resigns.
15.--Allied aircraft bombs
Karlsruhe, Baden, in retaliation.
22.--Lemberg recaptured by
Austrians.
26.--Montenegrins enter
Scutari, Albania.
July
9.--German Southwest Africa
surrenders to British South African troops under Gen. Botha.
25.--American steamer, Leelanaw,
Archangel to Belfast with flax, torpedoed off Scotland.
31.--Baden bombarded by French
aircraft.
August
5.--Warsaw captured by
Germans.
6.--Ivangorod occupied by
Austrians.
6.--Gallipoli Peninsula
campaign enters a second stage with the debarkation of a new force of British
troops in Suvla Bay, on the west of the peninsula.
8.--Russians defeat German
fleet of 9 battleships and 12 cruisers at entrance of Gulf of Riga.
19.--Arabic, White Star liner,
sunk by submarine off Fastnet; 44 lives lost; 2 Americans.
25.--Brest-Litovsk, Russian
fortress, captured by Austro-Germans.
28.--Italians reach Cima
Cista, northeast of Trent.
30.--British submarine attacks
Constantinople and damages the Galata Bridge.
31.--Lutsk, Russian fortress,
captured by Austrians.
September
2.--Grodno, Russian fortress,
occupied by Germans.
6.--Czar Nicholas of Russia
assumes command of Russian armies. Grand Duke Nicholas is transferred to the
Caucasus.
15.--Pinsk occupied by
Germans.
18.--Vilna evacuated by Russia.
24.--Lutsk recaptured by
Russians.
25.--Allies open offensive on
western front and occupy Lens.
27.--Lutsk again falls to
Germans.
October
5.--Greece becomes political
storm center. Franco-British force lands at Salonika and Greek ministry resigns.
9.--Belgrade again occupied by
Austro-Germans.
11.--Zaimis, new Greek
premier, announces policy of armed neutrality.
12.--Edith Cavell, English
nurse, shot by Germans for aiding British prisoners to escape from Belgium.
13.--London bombarded by
Zeppelins; 55 persons killed; 114 injured.
14.--Bulgaria at war with
Serbia.
14.--Italians capture
Pregasina, on the Trentino frontier.
15.--Great Britain declares
war on Bulgaria.
17.--France at war with
Bulgaria.
18.--Bulgarians cut the
Nish-Sulonika railroad at Vranja.
19.--Italy and Russia at war
with Bulgaria.
22.--Uskub occupied by
Bulgarians.
28.--Pirot captured by
Bulgarians.
29.--Briand becomes premier of
France, succeeding Viviani.
November
5.--Nish, Serbian war capital,
captured by Bulgarians.
9.--Ancona, Italian liner,
torpedoed in Mediterranean.
17.--Anglo-French war council
holds first meeting in Paris.
20.--Novibazar occupied by
German troops.
22.--Ctesiphon, near Bagdad,
captured by British forces in Asia Minor.
23.--Italians drive Austrians
from positions on Carso Plateau.
24.--Serbian government
transferred to Scutari, Albania.
December
1.--British Mesopotamian
forces retire to Kut-el-Amara.
2.--Monastir evacuated by
Serbians.
4.--Henry Ford, with large
party of peace advocates, sails for Europe on chartered steamer Oscar II, with
the object of ending the war.
13.--Serbia in hands of enemy,
Allied forces abandoning last positions and retiring across Greek frontier.
15.--Gen. Sir Douglas Haig
succeeds Field Marshal Sir John French as Commander-in-Chief of British forces
in France.
20.--Dardanelles expedition
ends; British troops begin withdrawal from positions on Suvla Bay and
Gallipoli Peninsula.
22.--Henry Ford leaves his
peace party at Christiania and returns to the United States.
1916
January
11.--Greek island of Corfu
occupied by French.
13.--Cettinje, capital of
Montenegro, occupied by Austrians.
23.--Scutari, Albania, taken
by Austrians.
29-31.--German Zeppelins bomb
Paris and towns in England.
February
1.--Appam, British liner, is
brought into Norfolk, Va., by German prize crew.
10.--British conscription law
goes into effect.
16.--Erzerum, in Turkish
Armenia, captured by Russians under Grand Duke Nicholas.
19.--Kamerun, German colony in
Africa, conquered by British forces.
21.--Battle of Verdun begins.
Germans take Haumont.
25.--Fort Douaumont falls to
Germans in Verdun battle.
27.--Durazzo, Albania,
occupied by Austrians.
March
5.--Moewe, German raider,
reaches home port after a cruise of several months.
9.--Germany declares war on
Portugal on the latter's refusal to give up seized ships.
15.--Austria-Hungary at war
with Portugal.
24.--Sussex, French
cross-channel steamer, with many Americans aboard, sunk by submarine off Dieppe.
No Americans lost.
31.--Melancourt taken by
Germans in Verdun Battle.
April
18.--Trebizond, Turkish Black
Sea port, captured by Russians.
19.--President Wilson publicly
warns Germany not to pursue submarine policy.
20.--Russian troops landed at
Marseilles for service on French front.
24.--Irish rebellion begins in
Dublin. Republic declared. Patrick Pearse announced as first president.
29.--British force of 9000
men, under Gen. Townshend, besieged in Kut-el-Amara, surrenders to Turks.
30.--Irish rebellion ends with
unconditional surrender of Pearse and other leaders, who are tried by
court-martial and executed.
May
8.--Cymric, White Star liner,
torpedoed off Irish coast.
14.--Italian positions
penetrated by Austrians.
15.--Vimy Ridge gained by
British.
26.--Bulgarians invade Greece
and occupy forts on the Struma.
31.--Jutland naval battle;
British and German fleets engaged; heavy losses on both sides.
June
5.--Kitchener, British
Secretary of War, loses his life when the cruiser Hampshire, on which he was
voyaging to Russia, is sunk off the Orkney Islands, Scotland.
6.--Germans capture Fort Vaux
in Verdun attack.
8.--Lutsk, Russian fortress,
recaptured from Germans.
17.--Czernowitz, capital of
Bukowina, occupied by Russians.
21.--Allies demand Greek
demobilization.
27.--King Constantine orders
demobilization of Greek army.
28.--Italians storm Monte
Trappola, in the Trentino district.
July
1.--British and French attack
north and south of the Somme.
9.--Deutschland, German
submarine freight boat, lands at Baltimore, Md.
14.--British penetrate German
second line, using cavalry.
15.--Longueval captured by
British.
25.--Pozieres occupied by
British.
30.--British and French
advance between Delville Wood and the Somme.
August
3.--French recapture Fleury.
9.--Italians enter Goritzia.
10.--Stanislau occupied by
Russians.
25.--Kavala, Greek seaport
town, taken by Bulgarians.
27.--Roumania declares war on
Austria-Hungary.
28.--Italy at war with
Germany.
28.--Germany at war with
Roumania.
30.--Roumanians advance into
Transylvania.
31.--Bulgaria at war with
Roumania. Turkey at war with Roumania.
September
2.--Bulgarian forces invade
Roumania along the Dobrudja frontier.
13.--Italians defeat Austrians
on the Carso.
15.--British capture Flers,
Courcelette, and other German positions on western front, using 'tanks.'
26.--Combles and Thiepval
captured by British and French.
29.--Roumanians begin retreat
from Transylvania.
October
24.--Fort Douaumont recaptured
by French.
November
1.--Deutschland, German
merchant submarine, arrives at New London, Conn., on second voyage.
2.--Fort Vaux evacuated by
Germans.
7.--Woodrow Wilson re-elected
President of the United States.
13.--British advance along the
Ancre.
19.--Monastir evacuated by
Bulgarians and Germans.
21.--Britannic, mammoth
British hospital ship, sunk by mine in Aegean Sea.
22.--Emperor Franz Josef of
Austria-Hungary, dies. Succeeded by Charles I.
23.--German warships bombard
English coast.
28.--Roumanian government is
transferred to Jassy.
29.--Minnewaska, Atlantic
transport liner, sunk by mine in Mediterranean.
December
1.--Allied troops enter Athens
to insist upon surrender of Greek arms and munitions.
6.--Bucharest, capital of
Roumania, captured by Austro-Germans.
7.--David Lloyd George
succeeds Asquith as premier of England.
15.--French complete recapture
of ground taken by Germans in Verdun battle.
18.--President Wilson makes
peace overtures to belligerents.
26.--Germany replies to
President's note and suggests a peace conference.
30.--French government on
behalf of Entente Allies replies to President Wilson's note and refuses to
discuss peace till Germany agrees to give 'restitution, reparation and guarantees.'
1917
January
1.--Turkey declares its
independence of suzerainty of European
powers.
1.--Ivernia, Cunard liner, is
sunk in Mediterranean.
22.--President Wilson suggests
to the belligerents a 'peace without victory.'
31.--Germany announces intention
of sinking all vessels in war zone around
British Isles.
February
3.--United States severs
diplomatic relations with Germany. Count Von Bernstorff is handed his
passports.
7.--California, Anchor liner,
is sunk off Irish coast.
13.--Afric, White Star liner,
sunk by submarine.
17.--British troops on the
Ancre capture German positions.
25.--Laconia, Cunard liner,
sunk off Irish coast.
26.--Kut-el-Amara recaptured
from Turks by new British Mesopotamian expedition under command of Gen. Sir
Stanley Maude.
28.--United States government
makes public a communication from Germany to Mexico proposing an alliance, and
offering as a reward the return of Mexico's lost territory in Texas, New Mexico
and Arizona.
28.--Submarine campaign of
Germans results in the sinking of 134 vessels during February.
March
3.--British advance on
Bapaume.
3.--Mexico denies having
received an offer from Germany suggesting an alliance.
8.--Count Ferdinand von
Zeppelin dies.
10.--Russian Czar suspends
sittings of the Duma.
11.--Bagdad captured by
British forces under Gen. Maude.
11.--Revolutionary movement
starts in Petrograd.
14.--China breaks with
Germany.
15.--Czar Nicholas abdicates.
Prince Lvoff heads new cabinet.
17.--Bapaume falls to British.
Roye and Lassigny occupied by French.
18.--Peronne, Chaulnes, Nesle
and Noyon evacuated by Germans, who retire on an 85-mile front.
18.--City of Memphis,
Illinois, and Vigilancia, American ships, torpedoed.
19.--Alexander Ribot becomes
French premier, succeeding Briand.
21.--Healdton, American ship,
bound from Philadelphia to Rotterdam, sunk without warning; 21 men lost.
26-31.--British advance on
Cambrai.
April
1.--Aztec, American armed
ship, sunk in submarine zone.
5.--Missourian, American
steamer, sunk in Mediterranean.
6.--United States declares war
on Germany.
7.--Cuba and Panama at war
with Germany.
8.--Austria-Hungary breaks
with United States.
9.--Germans retreat before
British on long front.
9.--Bolivia breaks with
Germany.
13.--Vimy, Givenchy, Bailleul
and positions about Lens taken by Canadians.
20.--Turkey breaks with United
States.
May
9.--Liberia breaks with
Germany.
11.--Russian Council of
Workmen's and Soldiers' Delegates demands peace conference.
15.--Gen. Petain succeeds Gen.
Nivelle as Commander-in-Chief of French armies. Gen. Foch is appointed Chief of
Staff.
16.--Bullecourt captured by
British in the Arras battles.
17.--Honduras breaks with
Germany.
18.--Conscription bill signed
by President Wilson.
19.--Nicaragua breaks with
Germany.
22-26.--Italians advance on
the Carso.
June
4.--Senator Root arrives in
Russia at head of commission appointed by President.
5.--Registration day for new
draft army in United States.
7.--Messines-Wytschaete ridge
in English hands.
8.--Gen. Pershing,
Commander-in-Chief of American expeditionary force, arrives in England en route
to France.
18.--Haiti breaks with
Germany.
July
1.--Russians begin offensive
in Gallicia, Kerensky, minister of war, leading in person.
3.--American expeditionary
force arrives in France.
6.--Canadian House of Commons
passes Compulsory Military Service Bill.
12.--King Constantine of
Greece abdicates in favor of his second son, Alexander.
14.--Bethmann--Hollweg, German
Chancellor, resigns; succeeded by Dr. Georg Michaelis.
16--23.--Retreat of Russians
on a front of 155 miles.
20.--Alexander Kerensky
becomes Russian premier, succeeding Lvoff.
20.--Drawing of draft numbers
for American conscript army begins.
22.--Siam at war with Germany
and Austria.
24.--Austro-Germans retake
Stanislau.
31.--Franco-British attack
penetrates German lines on a 20-mile front.
August
1.--Pope Benedict XV makes
plea for peace on a basis of no annexation, no indemnity.
3.--Czernowitz captured by
Austro-Germans.
7.--Liberia at war with
Germany.
8.--Canadian Conscription Bill
passes its third reading in Senate.
14.--China at war with Germany
and Austria-Hungary.
15.--St. Quentin Cathedral
destroyed by Germans.
15.--Canadian troops capture
Hill 70, dominating Lens.
19.--Italians cross the Isonzo
and take Austrian positions.
28.--Pope Benedict's peace
plea rejected by President Wilson.
September
3.--Riga captured by Germans.
5.--New American National Army
begins to assemble in the different cantonments.
7.--Minnehaha, Atlantic
Transport liner, sunk off Irish coast.
12.--Argentina dismisses Von
Luxburg German minister, on charges of improper conduct made public by United
States government.
14.--Paul Painleve becomes
French premier, succeeding Ribot.
16.--Russia proclaimed a
republic by Kerensky.
20.--Costa Rica breaks with
Germany.
21.--Gen. Tasker H. Bliss
named Chief of Staff of the United States Army.
25.--Guynemer, famous French
flier, killed.
26.--Zonnebeke, Polygon Wood
and Tower Hamlets, east of Ypres, taken by British.
28.--William D. Haywood,
secretary, and 100 members of the Industrial Workers of the World arrested for
sedition.
29.--Turkish Mesopotamian
army, under Ahmed Bey, captured by British.
October
6.--Peru and Uruguay break
with Germany.
9.--Poelcapelle and other
German positions captured in Franco-British attack.
12-16.--Oesel and Dago,
Russian islands in Gulf of Riga, captured by Germans.
17.--Antilles, American transport,
westbound from France, sunk by submarine; 67 lost.
18.--Moon Island, in the Gulf
of Riga, taken by Germans.
23.--American troops in France
fire their first shot in trench warfare.
23.--French advance northeast
of Soissons.
24.--Austro-Germans begin
great offensive on Italian positions.
25.--Italians retreat across
the Isonzo and evacuate the Bainsizza Plateau.
26.--Brazil at war with
Germany.
27.--Goritzia recaptured by
Austro-Germans.
30.--Michaelis, German
Chancellor, resigns; succeeded by Count George F. von Hertling.
31.--Italians retreat to the
Tagliamento.
31.--Beersheba, in Palestine,
occupied by British.
November
1.--Germans abandon position
on Chemin des Dames.
3.--Americans in trenches
suffer 20 casualties in German attacks.
5.--Italians abandon
Tagliamento line and retire on a 93-mile front in the Carnic Alps.
6.--Passchendaele captured by
Canadians.
6.--British Mesopotamian
forces reach Tekrit, 100 miles northwest of Bagdad.
7.--The Russian Bolsheviki,
led by Lenine and Trotzsky, seize Petrograd and depose Kerensky.
8.--Gen. Diaz succeeds Gen.
Cadorna as Commander-in-Chief of Italian armies.
9.--Italians retreat to the
Piave.
10.--Lenine becomes Premier of
Russia, succeeding Kerensky.
15.--Georges Clemenceau becomes
Premier of France, succeeding Painleve.
18.--Major General Maude,
captor of Bagdad, dies in Mesopotamia.
21.--Ribecourt, Flesquieres,
Havrincourt, Marcoing and other German positions captured by British.
23.--Italians repulse Germans
on the whole front from the Asiago Plateau to the Brenta River.
24.--Cambrai menaced by
British, who approach within three miles, capturing Bourlon Wood.
December
1.--German East Africa
reported completely conquered.
1.--Allies' Supreme War
Council, representing the United States, France, Great Britain and Italy,
holds first meeting at Versailles.
3.--Russian Bolsheviki arrange
armistice with Germans.
5.--British retire from
Bourlon Wood, Graincourt and other positions west of Cambrai.
6.--Jacob Jones, American
destroyer, sunk by submarine in European waters.
6.--Steamer Mont Blanc, loaded
with munitions, explodes in collision with the Imo in Halifax harbor: 1500
persons are killed.
7.--Finland declares
independence.
8.--Jerusalem, held by the
Turks for 673 years, surrenders to British, under Gen. Allenby.
8.--Ecuador breaks with
Germany.
10.--Panama at war with
Austria-Hungary.
11.--United States at war with
Austria-Hungary.
15.--Armistice signed between
Germany and Russia at Brest-Litovsk.
17.--Coalition government of
Sir Robert Borden is returned and conscription confirmed in Canada.
1918
January
14.--Premier Clemenceau orders
arrest of former Premier Caillaux on high treason charge.
19.--American troops take over
sector northwest of Toul.
29.--Italians capture Monte di
val Belle.
February
1.--Argentine Minister of War recalls military attaches from Berlin and
Vienna.
6.--Tuscania, American
transport, torpedoed off coast of Ireland: 101 lost.
22.--American troops in Chemin
des Dames sector.
26.--British hospital ship, Glenart
Castle, torpedoed.
27.--Japan proposes joint
military operations with Allies in Siberia.
March
1.--Americans gain signal
victory in salient north of Toul.
3.--Peace treaty between
Bolshevik government of Russia and the Central Powers signed at Brest-Litovsk.
4.--Treaty signed between
Germany and Finland.
5.--Rumania signs preliminary
treaty of peace with Central Powers.
9.--Russian capital moved from
Petrograd to Moscow.
14.--Russo-German peace treaty
ratified by All-Russian Congress of Soviets at Moscow.
20.--President Wilson orders
all Holland ships in American ports taken over.
21.--Germans begin great drive
on 50-mile front from Arras to La Fere. Bombardment of Paris by German
long-range gun from a distance of 76 miles.
24.--Peronne, Ham and Chauny
evacuated by Allies.
25.--Bapaume and Nesle
occupied by Germans.
29.--General Foch chosen
Commander-in-Chief of all Allied forces.
April
5.--Japanese forces landed at
Vladivostok.
9.--Second German drive begun
in Flanders.
10.--First German drive halted
before Amiens after maximum advance of 35 miles.
14.--United States Senator
Stone, of Missouri, chairman of Committee on Foreign Relations, dies.
15.--Second German drive
halted before Ypres, after maximum advance of 10 miles.
16.--Bolo Pasha, Levantine
resident in Paris executed for treason.
21.--Guatemala at War with
Germany.
22.--Baron Von Richthofen,
premier German flier, killed.
23.--British naval forces raid
Zeebrugge in Belgium, German submarine base, and block channel.
May
7.--Nicaragua at war with
Germany and her allies.
19.--Major Raoul Lufberry,
famous American aviator, killed.
24.--Costa Rica at war with
Germany and Austria-Hungary.
27.--Third German drive begins
or Aisne-Marne front of 30 miles between Soissons and Rheims.
28.--Germans sweep on beyond
the Chemin des Dames and cross the Vesle at Fismes.
28.--Cantigny taken by
Americans in local attack.
29.--Soissons evacuated by
French.
31.--Marne River crossed by
Germans, who reach Chateau Thierry, 40 miles from Paris.
31.--President Lincoln, American
transport, sunk.
June
2.--Schooner Edward H .Cole torpedoed
by submarine off American coast.
3-6.--American marines and
regulars check advance of Germans at Chateau Thierry and Neuilly after maximum
advance of Germans of 32 miles. Beginning of American co-operation on major
scale.
9-14.--German drive on
Noyon-Montdidier front. Maximum advance, 5 miles.
15-24.--Austrian drive on Italian
front ends in complete failure.
30.--American troops in
France, in all departments of service, number 1,019,115.
July
1.--Vaux taken by Americans.
3.--Mohammed V, Sultan of
Turkey, dies.
10.--Czecho-Slovaks, aided by
Allies, take control of a long stretch of the Trans-Siberian Railway.
12.--Berat, Austrian base in
Albania, captured by Italians.
15.--Haiti at war with
Germany.
15.--Stonewall defense of
Chateau Thierry blocks new German drive on Paris.
16.--Nicholas Romanoff,
ex-Czar of Russia, executed at Yekaterinburg.
17.--Lieut. Quentin Roosevelt,
youngest son of ex-President Roosevelt, killed in aerial battle near Chateau
Thierry.
18.--French and Americans
begin counter offensive on Marne-Aisne front.
19.--San Diego, United States
cruiser, sunk off Fire Island.
20.--Carpathia, Cunard liner,
used as transport torpedoed off Irish coast. It was the Carpathia that saved
most of the survivors of the Titanic in April, 1912.
20.--Justicia, giant liner
used as troopship, is sunk off Irish coast.
21.--German submarine sinks
three barges off Cape Cod.
23.--French take
Oulchy-le-Chateau and drive the Germans back ten miles between the Aisne and
the Marne.
30.--Allies astride the Ourcq;
Germans in full retreat to the Vesle.
August
1.--Sergeant Joyce Kilmer.
American poet and critic, aged 31, dies in battle.
2.--French troops recapture
Soissons.
3.--President Wilson announces
new policy regarding Russia and agrees to cooperate with Great Britain, France
and Japan in sending forces to Murmansk, Archangel and Vladivostok.
3.--Allies sweep on between
Soissons and Rheims, driving the enemy from his base at Fismes and capturing
the entire Aisne-Vesle front.
7.--Franco-American troops
cross the Vesle.
8.--New Allied drive begun by
Field Marshal Haig in Picardy, penetrating enemy front 14 miles.
10.--Montdidier recaptured.
13.--Lassigny massif taken by
French.
15.--Canadians capture Damery
and Parvillers, northwest of Roye.
29.--Noyon and Bapaume fall in
new Allied advance.
September
1.--Australians take Peronne.
1.--Americans fight for the
first time on Belgian soil and capture Voormezeele.
11.--Germans are driven back
to the Hindenburg line which they held in November, 1917.
12.--Registration day for new
draft army of men between 18 and 45 in the United States.
13.--Americans begin vigorous
offense in St. Mihiel Sector on 40-mile front.
14.--St. Mihiel recaptured
from Germans. General Pershing announces entire St. Mihiel salient erased,
liberating more than 150 square miles of French territory which had been in
German hands since 1914.
20.--Nazareth occupied by
British forces in Palestine under Gen. Allenby.
23.--Bulgarian armies flee
before combined attacks of British, Greek, Serbian, Italian and French.
25.--British take 40,000
prisoners in Palestine offensive.
26.--Strumnitza, Bulgaria,
occupied by Allies.
27.--Franco-Americans in drive
from Rheims to Verdun take 30,000 prisoners.
28.--Belgians attack enemy
from Ypres to North Sea, gaining four miles.
29.--Bulgaria surrenders to
General d'Esperey, the Allied commander.
30.--British-Belgian advance
reaches Roulers.
October
1.--St. Quentin, cornerstone
of Hindenburg line, captured.
1.--Damascus occupied by
British in Palestine campaign.
2.--Lens evacuated by Germans.
3.--Albania cleared of
Austrians by Italians.
4.--Ferdinand, king of
Bulgaria, abdicates; Boris succeeds
5.--Prince Maximilian new
German Chancellor, pleads with President Wilson to ask Allies for armistice.
7.--Berry-au-Bac taken by
French.
8.--President Wilson asks
whether German Chancellor speaks for people or war lords.
9.--Cambrai in Allied hands.
10.--Leinster, passenger
steamer, sunk in Irish Channel by submarine; 480 lives lost; final German
atrocity at sea.
11.--Americans advance through
Argonne forest.
12.--German foreign secretary,
Solf, says plea for armistice is made in name of German people; agrees to
evacuate all foreign soil.
12.--Nish, in Serbia, occupied
by Allies.
13.--Laon and La Fere abandoned
by Germans.
13.--Grandpre captured by
Americans after four days' battle.
14.--President Wilson refers
Germans to General Foch for armistice terms.
16.--Lille entered by British
patrols.
17.--Ostend, German submarine
base, taken by land and sea forces.
17.--Douai falls to Allies.
19.--Bruges and Zeebrugge
taken by Belgians and British.
25.--Beginning of terrific
Italian drive which nets 50,000 prisoners in five days.
31.--Turkey surrenders;
armistice takes effect at noon; conditions include free passage of Dardanelles.
November
1.--Clery-le-Grand captured by
American troops of First Army.
3.--Americans sweep ahead on
50-mile front above Verdun; enemy in full retreat.
3.--Official reports announce
capture of 362,350 Germans since July 15.
3.--Austria surrenders,
signing armistice with Italy at 3 P. M. after 500,000 prisoners had been
taken.
4.--Americans advance beyond
Stenay and strike at Sedan.
7.--American Rainbow Division
and parts of First Division enter suburbs of Sedan.
8.--Heights south of Sedan
seized by Americans.
9.--Maubeuge captured by
Allies.
10.--Canadians take Mons in
irresistible advance.
11.--Germany surrenders;
armistice takes effect at 11 A. M. American flag hoisted on Sedan front.
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